The deposal of James II was less revolution than evolution, setting England firmly on the path towards parliamentary democracy. Few monarchs have inherited such a seemingly...
About David L. Smith
The Historian
1649: the year England became a republic
The Interregnum is airbrushed as a mere gap between two kings, but we were among the first in Europe to scrap the monarchy. England makes much of its monarchy as a symbol of...
The Historian
Henry VIII’s break with Rome: Brexit before Brexit?
In 1533-4, Henry VIII rejected the Pope’s authority and broke away from the Church of Rome, declaring himself Supreme Head of the Church in England. This country thus...
The Historian
A statue of Oliver Cromwell at Westminster?
Outside Westminster Hall stands a prominent statue of Oliver Cromwell, which was designed by the Victorian sculptor Hamo Thornycroft and erected in 1899 to mark the three...
The Historian
Oliver Cromwell’s letters as Lord Protector
In an earlier article, I discussed Cromwell’s speeches during his years as Lord Protector (1653-58). His private letters during this period show many similar...
The Historian
Oliver Cromwell’s speeches as Lord Protector
Extensive records survive of Cromwell’s speeches during his years as Lord Protector (1653-58), and they tell us much about both the man and the age in which he...